Labelled piece families on an analytic manifold #
Step 3 of the proof of [Kol07, Theorem 107] (item 111) lowers the order of a monomial ideal
M(๐) = โ_j ๐_{E^j}^{a_j} below m by blowing up intersections of members E^j of the boundary in
an order prescribed by the exponents a_j and the order of the index set: at level r one takes
the lexicographically smallest r-tuple jโ < โฏ < j_r of members with nonempty intersection and
maximal exponent sum โฅ m, blows up the intersection, appends the exceptional divisor as the last
member with exponent a_{jโ} + โฏ + a_{j_r} โ m, and repeats. The bookkeeping of that procedure is
purely combinatorial: which sets of members meet (the nerve), their labels and exponents. It is
carried out on the combinatorial state Hironaka.Monomial.MonomialState (a shared module of this
library, where the procedure MonomialState.step3, its termination and its postconditions are
proved). This file provides the geometric data on an analytic manifold that such a state records.
A PieceFamily N consists of finitely many pieces, closed subsets of N indexed by
c < nextComp (the empty set standing for a piece no longer present), each with a label
< nextLabel (the position of its boundary member in the order of the members) and an exponent.
Its nerve is the set of nonempty sets of pieces with a common point; its state is the corresponding
MonomialState, with every data field definitionally the family's. A piece family realises a
boundary family F through an order embedding e of its labels into the members of F when each
embedded member is the union of the pieces with its label, the members off the range of e are
empty (on a relatively compact open set only finitely many members meet the closure), and pieces
with the same label are pairwise disjoint: the pieces are then the connected components of the
members, which is how the monomial part of this library is indexed (BMO/MonomialPart.lean). The
centre of a set S of faces is the union of their loci; for Kollรกr's choice at level r this
is the whole intersection E^{jโ} โฉ โฏ โฉ E^{j_r} of the chosen members, with all its connected
components, as in [Kol07, 111, Step 3].
A labelled piece family on the analytic manifold N: pieces indexed by c < nextComp
(closed sets, the empty set for a piece no longer present), each with a label < nextLabel (the
position of its boundary member in the order of the members) and an exponent a c. The geometric
data behind a combinatorial state Hironaka.Monomial.MonomialState of the monomial procedure of
[Kol07, 111, Step 3].
- nextComp : โ
The number of components allocated so far.
- nextLabel : โ
The number of labels (members) allocated so far.
The underlying closed set of a component (
โfor a dead component).The label (member) of a component.
The exponent of a component.
Live components carry live labels.
Every piece is closed.
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The common cardinality of the faces of a centre, its codimension: the maximum of the cardinalities (for a centre of the state all faces have the same label tuple, hence the same cardinality).
Equations
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Faces and their loci #
The locus of a face T: the intersection of its pieces (the whole manifold for T = โ
).
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The exponent sum of a face.
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The labels of a set of pieces.
Equations
- ฮฆ.labels T = Finset.image ฮฆ.label T
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The nerve and the state #
The nerve of the family: the nonempty sets of pieces with a common point.
Equations
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A set of indices is a face if and only if it consists of indices of pieces, is nonempty, and its pieces have a common point.
The nerve is closed under nonempty subsets: the locus of a face is contained in the locus of each of its subsets.
The invariants of a combinatorial state (Hironaka.Monomial.MonomialState.Valid) on the
family's data: m โฅ 1, faces nonempty and consisting of pieces, labels below nextLabel, the nerve
closed under nonempty subsets, faces of cardinality at most n, and pairwise distinct labels on a
face.
Equations
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The combinatorial state of the family: the state of Hironaka.Monomial.MonomialState with the
family's number of pieces and labels, labels, exponents and nerve, each field definitionally the
family's.
Equations
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The index allocated to the new piece created from the face P of a centre S: the pieces so
far, plus the rank of P in S (Hironaka.Monomial.MonomialState.rank).
Equations
- ฮฆ.newComp S P = ฮฆ.nextComp + Hironaka.Monomial.MonomialState.rank S P
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The face through a point #
The face through a point: the pieces containing it.
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The face through a point lying on some piece is a face of the nerve.
A face whose locus contains x is contained in the face through x.
The centre of a set of faces #
The centre of a set S of faces: the union of their loci. For Kollรกr's choice at level r,
S consists of all the faces with the lexicographically smallest label tuple jโ < โฏ < j_r of
maximal exponent sum, so the centre is the whole intersection E^{jโ} โฉ โฏ โฉ E^{j_r}, with all its
connected components, as in [Kol07, 111, Step 3].
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Realising a hypersurface family #
The family realises the boundary family F through the order embedding e of its labels
into the members of F: each embedded member is the union of the pieces with its label, the members
off the range of e are empty, and pieces with the same label are pairwise disjoint. The pieces of
a realising family are the connected components of the members.
- hyp_eq (โ : Fin ฮฆ.nextLabel) : F.hyp (e โ) = โ c โ {c โ Finset.range ฮฆ.nextComp | ฮฆ.label c = โโ}, ฮฆ.piece c
An embedded member is the union of the pieces of its label.
The members off the range of
eare empty.- disjoint (c c' : โ) : c < ฮฆ.nextComp โ c' < ฮฆ.nextComp โ c โ c' โ ฮฆ.label c = ฮฆ.label c' โ Disjoint (ฮฆ.piece c) (ฮฆ.piece c')
Pieces of one label are pairwise disjoint.
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A point lies on the member with label โ if and only if it lies on a piece with that label.
A piece lies in the member of its label.
Through a point passes at most one piece with a given label.
The labels of the pieces of a face are pairwise distinct: the pieces have a common point.
A face has as many labels as pieces.