The total transform of the monomial part is a monomial in the transformed boundary #
Let Ο : M' β M be the blow-up of a centre Y having simple normal crossings with the boundary
family F, and let F' = F.totalTransform Ο Y be the transformed family (the strict transforms of
the members followed by the exceptional divisor). This file proves that the total transform
Ο^* M(π) of the monomial part of an ideal sheaf π (BMO/MonomialPart.lean) is a locally finite
product of powers of the component ideals of F' (exists_comap_monomialPart_eq_monomial), so that
its nonmonomial part with respect to F' is the unit ideal
(nonmonomialPart_totalTransform_monomialPart_eq_top) and it is its own monomial part
(monomialPart_totalTransform_monomialPart_eq_self). This is the content, for the monomial part
over connected components, of the remark in [Kol07, 111, Step 1] that tensoring with an ideal sheaf
of exceptional divisors changes only the monomial part.
The proof is stalkwise and has three parts.
- The general engine. The stalk of
M(K)atxdepends only on the stalk ofKatx, since every exponent is the order ofKalong a component atx(monomialPart_stalkIdeal_congr,nonmonomialPart_stalkIdeal_congr). Hence the nonmonomial part ignores a locally finite product of powers of component ideals (nonmonomialPart_locallyFiniteProduct_pow_mul), and an ideal sheaf whose stalks are all monomials in the active component ideals has trivial nonmonomial part (nonmonomialPart_eq_top_of_forall_stalkIdeal_eq_prod), hence equals its own monomial part. - The exceptional divisor. The exceptional ideal sheaf is the ideal sheaf of the closed
submanifold
Οβ»ΒΉ(Y); at a point of one of its connected components it has the stalk of that component's ideal (stalkIdeal_componentIdeal_totalTransform_inr), so the nonmonomial part forF'ignores powers of the exceptional ideal (nonmonomialPart_exceptionalIdealSheaf_pow_mul). - The chart computation. Off the centre the blow-up is a local analytic isomorphism, and the
total transform of the ideal of a component
DofFhas the stalk of the component of the strict transform ofDthrough the point. Over the centre, in a chart adapted toYand toFata β Yand a blow-up chart of indexiβatxovera, the total transform of the ideal of a componentDthroughais generated by the pull-back of the coordinatez_DofD, which is: the coordinate of the exceptional divisor, ifz_Dis the scaling coordinateΟ iβ; that coordinate times the ratio coordinateu_{Ο k}, ifz_D = z_{Ο k}withk β iβ, the ratio coordinate being the coordinate of the strict transform ofDwhenxlies on it and a unit otherwise; the same coordinate of the blow-up chart, ifz_Dis off the block of the centre, again the coordinate of the strict transform ofDor a unit. In every case the stalk is a monomial in the stalks of the component ideals ofF'throughx.
The assembly (stalkIdeal_totalTransform_monomialPart_eq_prod) writes the stalk of Ο^* M(π) at
x as a product of such factors, with exponents depending on x (the bookkeeping of finite
monomials is IsFinsetMonomial), and the engine concludes. Blow-up charts are those of
[BM88, Definition 4.1]; the exponents are KollΓ‘r's cα΅’ of [Kol07, DefinitionβLemma 110], read at
one stalk.
The general engine: stalkwise monomials have trivial non-monomial part #
Off its component, any power of the component ideal is the unit ideal: the controlling-set
hypothesis of the locally finite product βα΅’ πα΅’ ^ aα΅’ for an arbitrary exponent function a.
The ideal sheaf of a component is nonzero at every point: on the component its stalk is generated by a prime element, off it the stalk is the unit ideal.
A finite product of powers of component ideals is nonzero at every point, each factor being so and the stalks being domains.
The stalk of the monomial part at x depends only on the stalk of the ideal sheaf at x: every
exponent of an active component is the order along that component at x
(componentExponent_eq_toNat_ordAlongIdeal), which sees only the stalk at x.
The stalk of the nonmonomial part at x depends only on the stalk of the ideal sheaf at x: it
is the colon of that stalk by the stalk of the monomial part, which depends only on it as well.
The nonmonomial part ignores a locally finite product of powers of component ideals:
N((β'α΅’ πα΅’ ^ aα΅’) Β· J) = N(J) for J nonzero at every point. Stalkwise the locally finite product
is the finite product over the active components, for which
nonmonomialPart_finprod_componentIdeal_pow_mul applies ([Kol07, 111, Step 1]: an ideal of boundary
divisors changes only the monomial part).
The unit ideal sheaf is nonzero at every point (the stalks are domains).
An ideal sheaf whose stalks are monomials in the component ideals has trivial nonmonomial part:
if at every x the stalk of K is a product of powers of the stalks of the active component ideals
(with exponents that may depend on x), then N(K) = β€.
If N(K) = β€ then K = M(K), by the decomposition K = M(K) Β· N(K).
The blow-up: the exceptional divisor's ideal and its component #
The exceptional ideal sheaf of a blow-up is the ideal sheaf of the exceptional divisor Οβ»ΒΉ(Y)
as a closed submanifold.
At a point of a connected component Ξ± of the exceptional divisor, the ideal of that component
of the transformed boundary family has the stalk of the exceptional ideal sheaf: the component is
cut out of the exceptional divisor by an open set, and the ideal sheaf of a closed submanifold is
germ-local.
The nonmonomial part with respect to the transformed boundary family ignores powers of the
exceptional ideal: N_{F'}(π_F^m Β· J) = N_{F'}(J) for J nonzero at every point. At a point of the
exceptional divisor the exceptional ideal has the stalk of the component ideal of the exceptional
component through the point (stalkIdeal_componentIdeal_totalTransform_inr), and off it the stalk
is the unit ideal ([Kol07, 111, Step 1]).
Off the centre, at x with Ο x β Y, the total transform of the ideal of a component D of
F through Ο x has the stalk of the ideal of the component of the strict transform of D through
x: the blow-up is a local analytic isomorphism at x, the strict transform is the preimage of D
there, and a chart adapted to D at Ο x transports along the local inverse to a chart adapted to
the strict transform at x, so the two stalks are generated by a coordinate germ and by its
pull-back.
Over the centre, in a chart Ο adapted to Y and to F at a β Y and a blow-up chart Ξ¦ at
x over a, the total transform of the ideal of a component D of F through a is the
principal ideal generated by the pull-back along Ο of the coordinate of D.
The case in which the coordinate of the component D is the scaling coordinate Ο iβ of the
blow-up chart: the pulled-back coordinate is the coordinate of the exceptional divisor, so the total
transform of the ideal of D has the stalk of the exceptional ideal at x.
The case in which the coordinate of the component D is a coordinate Ο k, k β iβ, of the
centre: the pulled-back coordinate is the coordinate of the exceptional divisor times the ratio
coordinate u_{Ο k}, so the total transform of the ideal of D is the exceptional ideal times the
ideal generated by the ratio coordinate at x.
In the same chart, the ideal of the component β¨inl j, C'β© of the strict transform of E^j
through x is generated by the coordinate u_{cidx j} of the blow-up chart: the blow-up chart is a
chart of simple normal crossings for the transformed family at x, with the strict transform of
E^j cut out by the coordinate of E^j.
The ratio case when x lies on the strict transform of the member of D: the ratio coordinate
generates the ideal of the component of the strict transform through x, so the total transform of
the ideal of D is the exceptional ideal times that component ideal at x.
The ratio case when x does not lie on the strict transform of the member of D: the ratio
coordinate is a unit at x (on the chart the strict transform is its zero set), so the total
transform of the ideal of D has the stalk of the exceptional ideal alone.
The case in which the coordinate of the component D is off the block of the centre (D is
transversal to Y): the pulled-back coordinate is the same coordinate of the blow-up chart, with no
exceptional factor.
The transversal case when x lies on the strict transform of the member of D: the total
transform of the ideal of D has the stalk of the ideal of the component of the strict transform
through x.
The transversal case when x does not lie on the strict transform of the member of D: the
coordinate is a unit at x, so the total transform of the ideal of D has unit stalk.
In a blow-up chart of index iβ, the ideal of the exceptional component through x is
generated by the scaling coordinate u_{Ο iβ}.
The finset-monomial bookkeeping #
m is a monomial in the f k, k β A: m = β k β A, f k ^ g k for some exponents g.
The bookkeeping for the stalkwise computation of the total transform of a monomial part: at each
point the stalk is a monomial in the stalks of the component ideals through it.
Equations
- Hironaka.Manifold.BMO.IsFinsetMonomial A f m = β (g : ΞΉ β β), m = β k β A, f k ^ g k
Instances For
1 is the monomial with all exponents 0.
A generator f kβ, kβ β A, is a monomial (exponent 1 at kβ, 0 elsewhere).
Monomials are closed under products (the exponents add).
Monomials are closed under powers (the exponents are multiplied).
A finite product of monomials is a monomial (the exponents are summed).
For ideals, the unit ideal β€ = 1 is a monomial (the case of a unit factor).
The assembly: the total transform of the monomial part is a monomial #
At every point x of the blow-up, the stalk of the total transform of the monomial part M(π)
is a product of powers of the stalks of the component ideals of the transformed family through x,
with exponents depending on x. The stalk of Ο^* M(π) is the product over the components of F
through Ο x of the powers of the total transforms of their ideals
(stalkIdeal_totalTransform_locallyFiniteProduct), and each of those is a monomial in the stalks of
the component ideals of F' at x by the chart computation (off the centre
stalkIdeal_totalTransform_componentIdeal_of_notMem; over the centre the case distinction on the
coordinate of the component).
The nonmonomial part, with respect to the transformed boundary family, of the total transform of
the monomial part is the unit ideal: the total transform of a monomial in the components of F is a
monomial in the components of F' ([Kol07, 111, Step 1]).
The total transform of the monomial part is its own monomial part with respect to the transformed boundary family.
The total transform of the monomial part M(π) is a locally finite product of powers of the
component ideals of the transformed boundary family F': the exponents are its own component
exponents with respect to F', for which the right-hand side is its monomial part, and it equals
its monomial part by monomialPart_totalTransform_monomialPart_eq_self.